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Payments Association
of South Africa

Credit Payments

What is a credit payment?

A type of transaction that involves the payer giving an instruction to pay directly to their own bank, which then forwards the payment instructions and the funds on to the receiving bank for payment into the receiving party’s account. Such a transaction is final and irrevocable.

A “credit push” (credit payment) transaction involves the payer instructing their bank to initiate the payment. The bank then forwards both the payment instruction and the funds to the receiving bank, which deposits the amount into the beneficiary’s account.

The electronic credit payment environment is separated between low-value (retail) systems and high-value (wholesale) systems. The key distinction between the two is the transaction limit of R5 million, which is mainly implemented to manage settlement risk. High-value payments must be settled in real time through the Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system called the South African Multiple Option Settlement (SAMOS) system. The remaining electronic credit systems are Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) credit, Real-Time Clearing (RTC), and Rapid Payment, also known as PayShap in the market.
Low-value payments are transactions of R5 million or less and include real-time payment options such as Real-Time Clearing (RTC) and the Rapid Payments Programme (RPP), commonly known as PayShap. These allow for immediate interbank transfers, making them suitable for everyday consumer and business use. Additionally, low-value payments encompass Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) credits, which are processed in batches and are not instantaneous. EFT credits are settled according to predefined timeframes (same day, one day, or two days) depending on the service level selected.
 
On the other hand, high-value payments refer to transactions exceeding R5 million and are processed through South Africa’s Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system, known as the South African Multiple Option Settlement (SAMOS) system. Due to the significant amounts involved, these payments are typically used by specific sectors such as corporate and the equities market, where immediate and secure settlement is critical.
Electronic Fund Transfer Credits (EFT Credits) originate whenever a customer of a bank issues a payment instruction to his or her bank via various delivery channels (e.g., internet). Successful payment instructions typically reflect later that day or a day or two later. EFTs are made up of batched/bulked credit payment instructions and are commonly known as EFTs to the public.  As credit transfers are irrevocable, customers must ensure that the correct beneficiary account number is provided to the bank when issuing the payment instruction, as all processing/transfer of funds is performed based on the account details.
South Africa pioneered one of the world’s first interbank real time low-value or retail payment systems called the Real-Time Clearing (RTC) payment system. An RTC transaction is an interbank electronic credit payment instruction that is cleared within 60 seconds, and funds are available in the receiver’s bank account. The service was launched for the first time in 2006, founding members were ABSA, FNB, and Capitec.
 
Like EFT credit transfers, RTC payment instructions are irrevocable, so customers must ensure that the correct beneficiary account number is provided to the bank when issuing the RTC payment instruction, as all processing/transfer of funds is performed based on the account details.
 
The maximum amount allowed on RTC payment instructions is R5 million during the daytime period after midnight until 4pm during weekdays, excluding public holidays. The maximum amount allowed during weeknights, weekends, and public holidays is R250 000. The reason for this transaction limit is to manage settlement exposure overnight. Individual banks may apply lower limits depending on their own risk appetites as well.

Over the last decade, the need to modernise South Africa’s low-value electronic credit payment systems became more pressing, and in 2018, through an industry project called “Project Future” a target state architecture for credit payments based on a unified payments platform architecture was established. This meant that new technologies, messaging standards, and business processes needed to be developed and implemented. In 2019, the Rapid Payments Programme (RPP) was established to facilitate the design and implementation of the future state target architecture.

In March 2023, the first set of services on Rapid Payments was introduced to South Africa, PayShap, which enables the real time credit transfer using traditional account information or through Pay by Proxy (known as the ShapID), allowing easier credit transfers using a reference like a mobile number. In October 2024, Rapid Payments launched Request to Pay or PayShap Request, which allows South Africans to request payments from others.

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